Timothy M. Griffin, Ph.D.
Associate Member
Aging & Metabolism Research Program
Research Biologist, Oklahoma City VA Health Care System Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Physiology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
Member, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging and Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
My 101
When we imagine retirement, we often picture ourselves traveling to new lands and getting back in touch with nature through gardening or taking hikes. We take for granted that our bodies will carry us forward into these hard-earned dreams. However, for over 32 million Americans, these dreams may be put on hold due to joint pain and stiffness caused by osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, and it’s the leading cause of disability in the U.S. My lab is studying how this disease begins and how we can treat people already suffering from it.
The chances of developing osteoarthritis increase as we age, put on weight, or injure our joints. Although conventional wisdom holds that increased pressure on joints from carrying excess weight causes osteoarthritis, this is far from a complete answer. Recent discoveries suggest that fat itself is a critical mediator of the disease. Fat is not just storing excess energy from food. Rather, fat acts like an organ by releasing molecules that affect how the body functions. When the body has too much fat, it can release molecules that activate immune cells and cause inflammation.
My lab is studying how obesity alters the metabolic machinery of tissues and cells within the joint. We believe that excess fat causes metabolic changes that promote joint inflammation, tissue damage, and ultimately joint pain. Luckily, these negative effects of excess fat can be reversed through exercise, even without weight loss. Many studies show that staying active is the best way to reduce osteoarthritis pain. Therefore, we're also studying how exercise breaks the cycle of metabolic inflammation and pain to develop new treatment options for people to live more active lives free from limitations. By focusing on the metabolic basis of osteoarthritis, we expect to open up new treatment strategies by painting a more complete picture of this costly disease.
Research
Osteoarthritis is a disease characterized by cartilage destruction and abnormal bone growth resulting in joint pain and severe disability. It is the primary cause of disability in the United States, and it contributes significantly to reductions in health that occur with aging. Although osteoarthritis is often considered an inevitable consequence of aging, numerous genetic and environment risk factors have been identified that mediate its occurrence and severity. One of the most significant and modifiable risk factors is obesity.
Our laboratory uses integrative and interdisciplinary approaches to study how obesity dysregulates biomechanical, inflammatory, and metabolic processes that are associated with the development of osteoarthritis. We are seeking to determine how dietary fats, adipokines (e.g., leptin), and cyclic joint loading regulate articular cartilage homeostasis via effects on chondrocyte mitochondrial function and free radical biology. We are particularly interested in the role of sirtuins (e.g., Sirt3) as regulators of cellular metabolism and oxidative stress responses that help maintain chondrocyte function during aging, obesity, and injury. In addition, we are investigating how intra-articular adipose tissue modulates joint inflammation by altering the metabolic environment of the joint.
We are also interested in understanding how physical activity interacts with obesity-related phenotypes to regulate these processes in healthy and diseased tissue. Therefore, we use a variety of models spanning multiple levels of organization (e.g., cell, tissue, and animal) to study the effect of voluntary exercise (in vivo) and controlled biomechanical loading regimes (in vitro) on inflammatory, metabolic, and anti-oxidant processes in cartilage.
By studying the interaction of diet and physical activity (i.e., two modifiable risk factors for obesity) during aging, we hope to reveal novel pathways that regulate cartilage matrix homeostasis. Furthermore, by examining behavioral changes in our animal models that are associated with motor function and pain, we emphasize clinically relevant outcome measures so that we can better translate our finding to patients. These studies provide a basis for examining how therapeutic interventions that target inflammatory, metabolic, or oxidative processes affect joint-specific pathophysiology and functional outcomes.
Brief CV
Education
B.A., Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 1996
Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley, CA, 2002
Postdoc, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 2002–2007
Honors and Awards
2020 Merrick Award for Outstanding Medical Research
2020 Health Care Hero, The Journal Record
2018 Arthritis Foundation Medical Honoree, OKC Arthritis Walk
2016 Fred Jones Award for Scientific Achievement, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation
2010 Top 10 Arthritis Advances, Arthritis Foundation
2010 Melba M. O’Connell Memorial Fellow, Arthritis National Research Foundation
2007 Outstanding Postdoc Award, Duke University
2007 Young Investigator Award, Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) World Congress on Osteoarthritis
2007 Hulda Irene Duggan Arthritis Investigator Award, Arthritis Foundation
2004 NIH Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NIAMS)
2003 New Investigator Award, American Physiological Society
Professional Activities
2019 - present: Associate Editor, Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
2017 - present: Ad hoc reviewer, SBSR Study Section (NIH)
2016 - 2019: Editorial Board Member, Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
2015: Section Leader (OA Laboratory Grants), Arthritis Foundation's Delivering on Discovery Peer Review
2015-present: Member, NIH NIAMS Biospecimen Review and Allocation Committee for the Osteoarthritis Initiative
2014-2016: Co-chair, Cartilage, Synovium & Osteoarthritis Topic Committee, Orthopaedic Research Society
2013-2016: Advisory Editor, Arthritis & Rheumatology
2013: Invited Participant, NIH NIAMS Roundtable on OA and Inflammation
Memberships
American Physiological Society
Orthopaedic Research Society
Osteoarthritis Research Society International
Joined OMRF Scientific Staff in 2008.
Publications
Recent Publications
Kobak KA, Batushansky A, Borowik AK, Lopes EPB, Peelor Iii FF, Donovan EL, Kinter MT, Miller BF, Griffin TM. An In Vivo Stable Isotope Labeling Method to Investigate Individual Matrix Protein Synthesis, Ribosomal Biogenesis, and Cellular Proliferation in Murine Articular Cartilage. Function (Oxf) 3:zqac008, 2022 February, PMID: 35399495, PMCID: PMC8991031
Batushansky A, Zhu S, Komaravolu RK, South S, Mehta-D'souza P, Griffin TM. Fundamentals of OA. An initiative of Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. Chapter 9: Obesity and metabolic factors in OA. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2021 September, PMID: 34537381, PMCID: PMC8926936
Kobak KA, Lawrence MM, Pharaoh G, Borowik AK, Peelor FF 3rd, Shipman PD, Griffin TM, Van Remmen H, Miller BF. Determining the contributions of protein synthesis and breakdown to muscle atrophy requires non-steady-state equations. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 2021 August, PMID: 34418329, PMCID: PMC8718081
Selected Publications
Griffin TM, Batushansky A, Hudson J, Lopes EBP. (2020) Correlation Network Analysis Reveals Distinct Systemic Links To Osteoarthritis in Mice: Effects of Long-Term High Fat Diet and Exercise. J Health and Sport Science (Special Issue on Exercise, Metabolism, Obesity, and Musculoskeletal Health). 9(2):119-131. doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2019.05.008.
Griffin TM, Lories RJ. (2020) Cracking the code on the innate immune program in OA. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. 28(5):529-531. PMID: 32278072
Griffin TM, Friedman JE. (2020) How can parental obesity promote OA across generations? Nature Rev Rheumatology. 16(3):129-130. PMID: 31949286
Andriacchi TP, Griffin TM, Loeser Jr RF, Chu CR, Roos EM, Hawker GA, Erhart-Hledik JC, Fischer AG. (2020) Bridging Disciplines as a pathway to Finding New Solutions for Osteoarthritis a collaborative program presented at the 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society and the Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Open. March;2(1):100026. doi.org/10.1016/j.ocarto.2020.100026
Zhu S, Makosa D, Miller BF, Griffin TM. (2020) Glutathione as a mediator of cartilage oxidative stress resistance and resilience during aging and osteoarthritis. Connective Tissue Research. Jan;61(1):34-47. doi: 10.1080/03008207.2019.1665035. Epub 2019 Sep 15. PMID: 31522568, PMCID: PMC6884680
Batushansky A, Lopes EBP, Zhu S, Humphries KM, Griffin TM. (2019) GC-MS Method for Metabolic Profiling of Mouse Femoral Head Articular Cartilage Reveals Distinct Effects of Tissue Culture and Development. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. 27(9);1361-1371. PMID: 31136803, PMCID: PMC6702098
Contact
Aging & Metabolism Research Program, MS 21
Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation
825 N.E. 13th Street
Oklahoma City, OK 73104
Phone: (405) 271-7579
Fax: (405) 271-1437
E-mail: Tim-Griffin@omrf.org
For media inquiries, please contact OMRF’s Office of Public Affairs at news@omrf.org.
Lab Staff
Padmaja Mehta D'Souza, Ph.D.
Staff Scientist
Atul Pranay, Ph.D.
Associate Staff Scientist
Ravi Komaravolu, Ph.D.
Assistant Staff Scientist
Sanique South, Ph.D.
Post-Doctoral Fellow
Taylor Conner
Research Technician III
Jeannie Evans
Project Coordinator II
News from the Griffin lab
A new wave of researchers has joined the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation’s scientific staff as part of the foundation’s expansion. OMRF has added seven new scientists to its staff. In addition, two research assistants have been promoted to faculty-level positions. The new researchers have come to OMRF from a variety of institutions across the U.S. […]
